Paving brick or block.



UNITED STAT-Es PATENT OFFICE..

WILLIAM J. LEARY, oF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

'PAVING BRloKroR BLOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters notent No. 710,062, datedseptember 30, 1902. .application` meti February v1o, i902. serial Nol 93.284. (no modem block of that kind which is provided with a.

cavity or hollow in its under side orV base which when the brick is set on its supportingfoundation forms a chamber for air which acts as insulation and prevents the disturbance of the foundation by heat and cold. When such bricks or blocks are laid or set on the cement or plastic foundation provided i therefor, the -under faces of the bricks are or plane top or upper face'and a flat bottomv embedded somewhat inthe soft foundation,` so that portions thereof extend up into theair-chamber. To enable this, the bricks are provided with air-vent openings to permit the escape of the displaced air.

The object of the present invention is to produce a paving brick'or block having an air-. chamber in its base or under vside and an airvent opening or channel extending through the central or main body portion of the brick or block and to provide means foi` preventing the thin cement or grout which is usually poured into the crevices or spaces between the bricks from filling the air-chambers,- and thus destroying the insulating propertiesof the brick or block.'

In` the accompanying drawings, Figureil is a sectional view of a section of pavement con# structed of bricks or blocks embodying thev invention. Fig. 2 is a plan View, on a reduced scale, of a section of paveinentbefore the groutY is filled in. Fig. 3 is a bottom plan View of one of the paving bricks or blocks. vFig. 4 is a plan View, on a Vreduced scale, of a section of pavement before the grout is filled in,show ing paving bricks or blocks of slightly different conformation. Y

vLike letters ofvreference refer lto like parts in the several figures.' y

A represents the. paving brick or block, which may be formed of any suitable material-such, for instance, as clay. The brick may be of any desired conformation, preferably being polysided and provided with a flat l face. The brickA is provided in its base or under side with a cavity or hollow B and with an' open-ended hole or, channel C, which extendsthrough the body or central portion ofv the brick from the top face thereof into the cavity Bj v able foundation layer of broken stone, concrete, or vthe like D and anupper layer of hard-setting cement, mortar, or other suitable plastic material E are provided. The bottom faces -of the bricks are pressed down into the upper layer of cement or plastic ma'- terial, so that the same enters somewhat into the'cavities B in the bricks. The air-vent openings or channels permit the displacement of the air and the rising of the cement in the cavities. The bricks are thus held firmly in position from lateral displacement when the layerof cement or plastic material sets. After the bricks are set in the cementa thin cement, grout, or analogous material is poured into the crevices 0r spaces `left between the ,adjacent bricks, andto afford these spaces pavement the lower portions of the sides of the bricks are vertical and abut against each other, while the upper portions of the bricks are reduced in dian1eter-forinstance,by bevcling the upper portions of their sides, as shown at F.

When the cement is poured over the pavement to lfill thespaces between the bricks, it enters the air-vent openings or channels and runs into the air-chambers B. To prevent the cement from filling the chambers and destroying the insulating properties of the brick and also to prevent the waste of the thin cement or grout, the brick is provided with a teat orprojeotion G, which extends down into and at the same time make a rigid durable When a pavement is constructed, a suitthe air-chamber toward the open lower end thereof, but terminates above the plane ot' .the bottom face of the brick. The air-vent opening or channel passes through this teat air-chamber. When the thin cement or grout rises in the air-chambers to the lower end of the teat, it seats or closes the vent-opening. Air is thus confined in the chamber between the plane of the lower end of the teat and the top of the cavity.

A brick made as above described, with the and opens at the lower end thereof into the IOO air vent opening or channel extending through the main body or central portion thereof, is desirable, for when the brick is being dried or burned the central opening permits the material of the brick to shrink evenly toward the center opening, which prevents the surface from season checking or cracking, thus enabling the production of a better quality of brick. The teat enables the airvent opening or channel to be placed in the center of the brick without permitting the cement to fill the air-chamber, so as to expel the air therefrom and destroy the insulating properties of the brick. Thus the brick acts as a good non-conductor of heat and cold, and the life of the foundation, and consequently of the pavement, is greatly prolonged.

The bricks shown in Fig. t are similar in construction to those shown in the other figures, with the exception that they are of different external conformation; but the external shape of the brick forms no essential part of the present invention, and the57- may be made square, hexagonal, octagonal, or in any other preferred shape.

I claim as my inventiony l. A paving brick or block provided with an air-chamber, a teat extending intosaid airchamber and an air-vent opening extending through the brick or block and through Said tear, substantially as set forth.

2. A paving brick or block provided in its under face with acavity forming an air-chamber, a teat extending into said cavity and terminating above the base of the brick, and an airvent opening extending through the body of the brick or block and through said tear., substantially as set forth.

3. A paving brick or block formed with an open cavity in its bottom or base and with a central teat extending down into said cavity and terminating above the bottom face of the brick, and an air.vent opening extending vertically through the central portion of the body ot' the brick and through said teat, said air-A vent opening being.r open at its upper and lower ends, substantially as Set forth.

fitness my hand this 6th day of February, 1902.

\VILLIAM J. LEARY.

Witnesses:

JNO. J. BONNER, C. B. IIoRNBEcK. 

